How to check and register a domain name

A domain name is the address visitors use to find your website. Before you can use one, you need to check whether the name is available and then register it. This article explains how that works and what to look out for.

What is a domain name?

A domain name is a human-readable address that points to an IP address. Instead of remembering 185.228.81.34, a visitor types something like hostvalues.net. A domain name consists of two parts:

• The name: the part you choose yourself, such as "hostvalues" or "myproject".
• The extension (TLD): the suffix, such as .com, .net, .org or .eu.

Step 1: check availability

Not every domain name is available. Popular names and short words are often already registered. Here is how to check whether your desired name is free:

1. Go to a domain checker, such as the HostValues domain checker.
2. Type the desired domain name, for example "mybusiness".
3. The checker instantly shows which extensions are available (.com, .net, .org, and so on).

Is your first choice taken? Try variations: a different word, an addition or a different extension.

Step 2: choosing the right extension

The extension says something about your project. These are the most common options:

Tip: if you run a business, register both the country-specific extension and the .com variant to prevent someone else from claiming it.

Step 3: registering

Registration itself is straightforward:

1. Choose your domain name and extension.
2. Fill in your details (name, address, email). These details are linked to the registration.
3. Pay the registration fee. A domain is usually registered per year.
4. After payment the domain is yours immediately. You can now link it to your hosting.

How does DNS work?

The Domain Name System (DNS) translates your domain name to the IP address of your server. When someone types your domain, the following happens:

1. The browser asks a DNS server: "which IP address belongs to this domain?"
2. The DNS server looks up the answer through the nameservers set for your domain.
3. The IP address is returned and the browser connects to your server.

The most important DNS records you will encounter:

• A record: links the domain to an IPv4 address.
• AAAA record: links the domain to an IPv6 address.
• CNAME record: points a subdomain to another domain.
• MX record: determines which server receives email.
• TXT record: contains text information, often used for SPF, DKIM and domain verification.

Common mistakes when registering a domain

• Letting it expire: a domain must be renewed annually. If you forget, someone else can register it. Enable automatic renewal.
• Typos in the domain: check the spelling before you register. A typo cannot be undone after registration.
• Wrong nameservers: if your domain points to the wrong nameservers, your website will not work. Always verify that the nameservers match those of your hosting provider.
• No WHOIS privacy: with some extensions your personal details are publicly visible. Ask your registrar about WHOIS privacy.

How long until my domain starts working?

After registration the domain is usually active within a few minutes. DNS changes (for example switching to a different server) can take up to 24 hours to propagate worldwide, but in practice it is often done within an hour.

Can I transfer my domain name later?

Yes, you can transfer a domain to a different registrar. This is called a domain transfer. You need an authorization code (EPP code) from your current registrar. The transfer usually takes a few days.

What if my desired domain name is taken?

You can try contacting the current owner, but that is often expensive. It is usually smarter to choose a variation or try a different extension. Use the domain checker to quickly review alternatives.

Ready to register your domain name? Check availability via the HostValues domain checker and register right away.